The Empire period of French decorative arts—also known as the Napoleonic era—spanned from 1804 to 1815 during the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte. Marked by opulence and authority, this style revived classical themes drawn from ancient Greece and Rome, integrating motifs such as laurel wreaths, eagles, sphinxes, and other imperial symbols across furniture, textiles, and ornamental objects. The Empire period followed the Directoire / Consulate period.
Established as a visual expression of political power, Empire style embraced grandeur and symmetry. Furniture and decorative pieces were crafted from luxurious materials such as mahogany, bronze, and ormolu (gilt bronze), and characterised by bold forms, strong architectural lines, and geometric clarity. Military emblems—including swords, helmets, and winged figures—added a sense of command and victory, echoing Napoleon’s ambition.
Notable artisans and designers of the Empire period include:
- Pierre-Philippe Thomire: Renowned for his exquisite bronze work in furniture and objets d’art
- Charles Percier & Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine: Influential architects and interior designers behind key imperial commissions, including the Louvre Palace and the Arc de Triomphe
The Empire style was more than decoration—it was propaganda in wood, metal, and marble, reflecting a nation’s identity and its ruler’s legacy. Its influence remains enduring in design history, celebrated for its balance of classical inspiration and political bravado.
